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1993-01-19
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON THE RELIGION OF ISLAM
This section of the program is meant to be used for
basic background information on Islamic religion. It is by
no means complete, but should give the reader a quick
overview of some of the practices of the religion of Islam.
Q. What is the religion of Islam?
A. It is a belief in Allah as the one and only deity
and that Muhammad (570 - 632 A.D.) is the last Messenger of
God.
Q. How many Muslims are there?
A. More than 800 million in the world and
approximately two million Muslims in the United States.
Q. What nations have Muslims making up a majority of
their populations?
A. Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Malaysia, Indonesia, Egypt,
Libya Algeria, Turkey, Pakistan, Sudan, Nigeria, Syria,
Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait. Many more nations have
large Muslim minorities or pluralities, e.g. India, Peoples
Republic of China, Commonwealth of Independent States to
name a few.
Q. Are there Muslims in America?
A. Yes. Immigrants from the nations noted above, and
the Nation of Islam which is active among blacks.
Q. Do Muslims believe in racial superiority?
A. No. Racial superiority of any kind has no
substantiation in the Quran or the reliable traditions of
the Prophet. Islam works very hard to eliminate
differences based upon race or economic standing. The
requirement for Muslims to dress in the same manner on the
hegira is an example of the faith to treat all equally.
Q. Is there a group called "Black" Muslims?
A. There are many blacks who are Muslims but they
are not appropriately referred to as "Black Muslims." The
Nation of Islam used to be erroneously referred to as
"Black Muslims" but they are Muslims as any other followers
of Islam. Many Black Americans are members of "The
American Muslim Mission," also known as, "The World
Community of Islam in the West."
Q. Do Muslims worship Muhammad?
A. No. He is considered a prophet, a vehicle for
Allah's word.
Q. Do Muslims have dietary restrictions?
A. Yes. Muslims are forbidden to eat pork or its
by- products. They can eat all seafood. Muslims can eat
food-prepared by Christians and Jews as long as they
pronounce the name of God over it before eating. Muslims
are forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages of any kind.
Q. What is the Quran?
A. The Quran is the sacred scripture of Islam. It
was revealed to the Prophet in a series of visions over a
period of twenty years. It was originally written in
Arabic. The Quran, Hadith, and Sunnah are the foremost
authorities for Muslims in all matters of faith and
practice. The Quran is approximately the size of the
Christian New Testament. It is divided into 114 chapters,
each called a "sura."
Q. What are the major tenets of Islam?
A. There are five major tenets or "Pillars." They
are: (1) Belief in Allah as the one and only deity and that
Muhammad was the last Messenger of God, (2) Prayer five
times a day, (3) Alms to the poor, (4) Daytime fasting
during the lunar month of Ramadan, and (5) Pilgrimage to
Mecca.
Q. Are there religious denominations or major
divisions in Islam?
A. Yes. Islam is divided into two major divisions,
Sunnites and Shiites. Most Muslims are Sunnites. The
Shiite minority numbers about 20 million. At present, over
fifteen Islamic groups exist in the United States. The
World Community of Islam in the West, also known as the
American Muslin Mission, and the Hanafi Muslim movement are
two of the larger Islamic groups drawing primarily on the
black or African-American community. Other groups include
the Moorish Science Temple, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Movement,
and the Nubian Islamic Hebrew Mission.
Q. What are some of the conditions governing prayer
(salat)) in Islam.
A. Some include: Have the intention of prayer, be in
a state of cleanliness, face the direction of the Kaaba in
Mecca, and exalt Allah.
Q. Are there other prayers made in Islam?
A. Yes. Formal prayer called salat and
extemporaneous prayer called dua.
Q. Is there a sabbath?
A. Not in the Judeo-Christian concept of the term.
Muslims have a day of congregational prayer (Salat
al-Jumah) on Friday. In Muslim countries, shops are closed
during Salat al-Jumah and later reopened. Work is
permitted as usual before and after the time for Friday
prayer. Friday has not been prescribed as a day of rest
but rather of obligatory worship.
Q. Can Muslims pray in congregation at any other
time?
A. Yes. Muslims may pray in congregation during any
of the five daily periods of prayer, or they may pray
individually. It is preferable to pray in congregation.
Q. Are there Muslim priests or ministers?
A. Not in the Christian sense. There are leaders of
prayer who are called imams who are chosen by the community
because of their attributes and knowledge of the Quran.
Muslims in Iran and central Asia give the general title of
Mullah to Islamic religious practitioners, scholars and
dignitaries. They have other titles for senior religious
leaders.
Q. Are there levels or degrees of Muslims?
A. Generally no. The Quran teaches that all men are
equal. In Shia Islam and some other sects that may not be
the case. Many of their adherents revere their religious
leaders. There are hierarchies of religious leaders in
Shia Islam.
Q. Are Muslim men allowed more than one wife?
A. Yes, the Quran states that a man may have up to
four wives, if they can be provided for in all ways
equitably. Monogamy is most common.
Q. What is a mosque?
A. A mosque, which can also be called a masjid, is a
place for congregational worship.
Q Which is the correct term, Moslem or Muslim?
A. Muslim is more correct because there is no short
vowel "o" in the Arabic language.
Q. What is the Sunnah?
A. Sunnah denotes the written work containing the
model behavior of the Prophet Muhammad and the practices he
endorsed and the precedents he set.
Q. What are the major Islamic holy days?
A. There are two major holy days. (1) Id al-Fitr
celebrates the end of the month of fasting during Ramadan
and is usually 3 to 4 days in duration, and (2) Id al-Adha
which celebrated the end of the pilgrimage in Mecca and is
usually three days in duration.